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HomeMy WebLinkAbout9.15.25 Memo on Standing to PlanningIN MEMORANDUM To: James Kupfer, Director of Planning Cc: Karen Nober, Town Attorney; Brian Florence, Building Commissioner From: Allison Cogliano, Assistant Town Attorney Date: September 15, 2025 Re: Lack of Standing – Appeal by 25 Falmouth Road LLC of Building Permit BLDC 22-227 I. INTRODUCTION 25 Falmouth Road LLC (“Appellant”) has appealed the issuance of Building Permit BLDC 22-227, dated September 17, 2024, for properties at 95 and 123 Falmouth Road, Hyannis (“Subject Properties”). The Appellant invokes G.L. c. 40A, and Barnstable Zoning Ordinance §240-88. The Appellant claims standing because its property, an Audi dealership, is located in the same Groundwater Protection District as the Subject Properties. Although over 500 feet away, the Appellant asserts fear of groundwater contamination and alleges disparate treatment, claiming it has obtained the proper permits while the Subject Properties have not. As explained in detail below, Appellant is not a “person aggrieved” within the meaning of G.L. c. 40A, §§13 and 17, and therefore lacks standing to appeal. II. LEGAL STANDARD Standing under G.L. c. 40A requires a showing of credible evidence of a particularized injury to a legally protected interest. See Marashlian v. ZBA of Newburyport, 421 Mass. 719, 721-22 (1996). Speculative fears, generalized grievances, or policy disagreements do not suffice. Abutters within 300 feet are entitled to a rebuttable presumption of standing pursuant to G.L. c. 40A, §11. However, properties beyond 300 feet must affirmatively demonstrate standing with credible evidence. Zoning ordinances may identify protected interests, but under Sweenie v. A.L. Prime Energy Consultants, 451 Mass. 539 (2008), the existence of a protected interest in the ordinance cannot, by itself, confer standing; individualized injury is still required. See Standerwick v. ZBA of Andover, 447 Mass. 20 (2006) (speculative or conclusory claims are insufficient); Kenner v. ZBA of Chatham, 459 Mass. 115 (2011) (injury must be individualized and substantiated). III. APPLICATION TO THIS APPEAL The first issue at hand is whether the Appellant has a rebuttable presumption of standing. The Appellant’s property at 25 Falmouth Road is over 500 feet from the Subject Properties, well beyond the 300-foot statutory presumption zone. Therefore, the Appellant bears the full burden of proving standing. The Appellant provides no expert report, testing, or data suggesting contamination of its property. Its claim rests on generalized fear of groundwater pollution. Under Sweenie v. A.L. Prime Energy Consultants, generalized fear of groundwater contamination is insufficient without individualized, credible evidence of impact. The Appellant has not demonstrated that issuance of the permit affects its property value, use, or enjoyment in any way. A theoretical risk of contamination, unsupported by evidence, is not enough. Finally, the Appellant’s claim that it has proper permits for auto sales and service while the Subject Property does not is a zoning enforcement dispute, not an individualized injury. Standing cannot be based on claims of unequal treatment or enforcement unless tied to a direct impact on the Appellant’s property rights – which has not been shown here. IV. CONCLUSION 25 Falmouth Road LLC is not an abutter, does not own property within 300 feet of the Subject Properties, and has failed to present credible evidence in support of a particularized injury to a protected property or legal interest. Its generalized fears of groundwater contamination and claims of disparate treatment do not establish aggrievement under G.L. c. 40A or Barnstable Zoning Ordinance §240-125(B)(1)(a), which mirrors c. 40A and requires a “person aggrieved” to appeal in order for the ZBA to have jurisdiction. Accordingly, the Appellant lacks standing to challenge Building Permit BLDC 22-227, and the appeal should be dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.