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HomeMy WebLinkAboutBarnstable - NOI - Adam Koppel Brenda Haynes - 70 Calliouet LaneLAND MANAGEMENT PLAN 70 Caillouet Lane | Osterville, MA February 13, 2024 2 INTRODUCTION & PROJECT GOALS The project site, located at 70 Caillouet Lane in Osterville, is a residential lot on the northwestern shore of East Bay. The project is voluntary restoration of approximately 12,000 square feet of heavily to lightly invaded state coastal bank. Project goals include protecting the adjacent salt marsh and existing native plant community in the project area from further colonization by invasive and non-native plants and to reduce the amount of vista pruning required to maintain the previously permitted vista corridor. Resource areas present on site include State Coastal Bank, Salt Marsh and associated buffer zones, and Land Subject to Coastal Storm Flowage (LSCSF). 1 2 Sheared white poplar in the vista corridor Hightide bush in bloom near the southern project area EXISTING CONDITIONS The project areas encompass most of the State Coastal Bank and 50’ buffer to Salt Marsh. A permitted pool fence runs along the top of the bank at the 50’ buffer to Salt Marsh along with a dense planting bed of switchgrass and other native plants sited just landward of the fence. The project area lies just seaward of the fence. Refer to the project area diagram on page 3. Vegetation growing in the project area is a mix of canopy species and shrubs composed of primarily state listed invasive and non-native species including, privet, shrub and vine honeysuckle, white poplar, and Asiatic bittersweet. Bittersweet also grows throughout the bank and overtops much of the shrub and ground layer vegetation. A previously permitted vista corridor (through an RDA), that lies in the central portion of the bank, is densely vegetated with pruned sapling and seedling white poplar and a few sapling oaks. These pruned saplings cast dense shade on the ground layer and precludes the growth of most herbaceous vegetation beneath the managed saplings. Mature canopy trees grow to the north and south of the vista corridor with species that include white poplar, black oak, pitch pine, American holly, eastern red cedar, and black cherry. Understory in these wooded areas is composed of a range of native shrubs including bayberry and arrowwood. White poplar seedlings were observed growing in these areas, as well as, vines like grape and green briar, which overtop much of the understory vegetation. A band of hightide bush grows at the salt marsh edge across the property. A cluster of invasive phragmites reed grows near the northeastern property line, and is an extension of a larger stand of phragmites that grows on the neighboring property to the north. 3 N East Bay Ex D o c kCaillouet LaneEx House Ex Pool 100’ Foot Buffer to State Coastal Bank 100’ Foot Buffer to Salt Marsh Edge of Salt Marsh Project area Top of State Coastal Bank 1 2 3 3 Panorama showing the majority of the project area Project Area Diagram 4 PROPOSED PROJECT ACTIVITIES The project goal of restoring a native plant community to the project area will be accomplished through the following activities: • Removal of invasive, non-native, and aggressive plants. • Planting of site appropriate native woody and herbaceous plants Wilkinson Ecological Design (WED) believes that invasive plant management and supplemental planting of appropriate native plants will restore native plant communities, increase floral and faunal diversity, and improve ecosystem functions of the project area. Invasive Plant Management The project area includes approximately 12,000 square feet of vegetation management to remove invasive and non- native plant species from the state coastal bank. The primary species of concern in the project area is white poplar. Though not currently recognized by the state of Massachusetts as an invasive tree, it is an aggressive exotic species that can overtake natural areas. One white poplar can produce several thousand seeds. Adventitious buds along the extensive lateral root system can sucker profusely. If left unchecked, it will form dense groves that are hard to eradicate and shade out native species, as has already happened in a large portion of the project area. Furthermore, white poplar is successful in most soil types under varied conditions. The Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (IPANE) currently lists this tree as an invasive plant in Connecticut for the above reason. It is proposed that all white poplar seedlings, saplings, and trees be removed from the project area in order to successfully revegetate with native woody and herbaceous species. It is also proposed that the patch of phragmites reed fronting the salt marsh, aggressive native vines, including green briar and grape, and seedling oaks be removed from the understory of the woodland project areas in order to allow the existing bayberry and arrowwood the necessary light levels to thrive. Initial invasive plant management will target all invasive, non- native, and aggressive plants within the project area, including Asiatic bittersweet, shrub and vine honeysuckle, and white poplar. Treatment of the target species will consist of selective herbicide application using best management practices specific to each plant species to control the targeted plant species, as necessary. Methods of herbicide application will include “cut and wipe” method to treat individual stems, and low volume spot application only where necessary. All herbicide application will be performed by Massachusetts licensed applicators. The Invasive Plant Management Protocols in the Appendix include species-specific information and management strategies. Following treatment of the targeted species, the plants will be mechanically removed, where feasible, or removed by hand where necessary to protect the stability of the resource area. Native soils will not be removed from the project area. After invasive plant removal is complete, the project area will be seeded with a native seed mix, as specified on the Restoration Plan, and covered with erosion control blanketing and/or biodegradable mulch product, as needed, to stabilize the bank and hold seed in place during germination. Where invasive vines, including bittersweet, are intertwined with viable native species, they will be treated and left in place until desiccated, then removed in order to avoid damaging underlying vegetation. Regenerative pruning techniques will be used on native shrubs which have been shaded-out by invasive vegetation. This pruning technique results in increased biomass of the subject plant over several years. Native Plant Restoration The project area will be planted with the native herbaceous and woody species as specified on the Restoration Plan. Native plant restoration recommendations are based on a number of environmental factors including soils, topography, solar exposure, salt tolerance, stormwater runoff, and existing plant communities. Recommendations consider the long term health of the resource area by proposing to increase biological diversity through the removal of invasive plant species and the restoration of native plant communities appropriate to the site. The vista corridor will be restored with plants indicative of a maritime shrubland plant community after the non-native poplar have been removed. Native shrubs in combination with a deep rooted native grass seed mix will retain soils and buffer the salt marsh resource area from potential stormwater runoff more effectively than the currently existing non- native vegetation. Proposed native shrubs include: bayberry, beach plum, black chokeberry, Carolina rose, and sweetfern. Proposed native herbaceous species include: little bluestem, common yarrow, seaside goldenrod and others. The existing clusters of hightide bush growing at the salt marsh edge will be retained as will any other native shrubs. The wooded project areas are somewhat less invaded than the vista corridor and will not require the same density of replanting. Gaps in vegetation after invasive plants and aggressive vines are removed will be planted with clusters of native shrubs, including arrowwood, black chockeberry, serviceberry and others. Proposed herbaceous species will be planted at the edges of the woodland and will include white wood aster, Pennsylvania sedge, and hay-scented fern. Occasional removal of seedling and sapling trees is also 5 proposed to maintain a slightly more open canopy structure within the woodland. Overall, woodland restoration will create a more diverse, stratified plant community throughout woodland areas. Planting will occur one growing season after initial invasive plant management has taken place. Plants will be placed in the most appropriate location depending upon species, soil moisture, and sunlight levels. All proposed replanting within the mitigation area will take place around existing native species. Refer to the Restoration Plan for the planting locations of proposed species. WED believes the proposed native plant restoration will restore the ecological function of the coastal bank and enhance the sites capacity to support wildlife. Vista Corridor Management An RDA request presented on behalf of the previous homeowner, allowed a vista corridor of approximately 70’ x 70’ to be managed by cutting all vegetation 12”-18” from the ground. This corridor has been maintained in a similar fashion since that time and invasive plant management was not a part of that proposal. As a result, the vista area has become more densely colonized with white poplar seedlings and saplings that have outcompeted most native plants in this location. This fast- growing, non-native tree species requires constant pruning to be maintained within the 12” to 18” parameters. REGULATORY COMPLIANCE It is WED’s professional opinion that project activities described in this Land Management Plan serve the interests of the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act and the Barnstable Wetland Bylaws. Proposed activities will meet all applicable resource area performance standards, improve conditions for the benefit of extant wildlife, diversify plant species, and promote natural communities. NovMayAprilMarchJuneJulyOctSeptAug BAYBERRYMorella caroliniensis BEACH PLUMPrunus maritima INKBERRY BLACK CHOKEBERRY HIGH TIDE BUSH ARROWWOOD VIBURNUM Ilex glabra Aronia melanocarpa Iva frutescens Viburnum dentatumPlant typeShrubsSERVICEBERRYAmelanchier canadensis Vista corridor maintenance will be significantly reduced by the removing the poplar, other invasive plants, and incidental oak saplings. Replanting the area with naturally lower- growing native shrubs and herbaceous plants that will provide ecological uplift to the site in terms of wildlife habitat and soil stabilization. Ongoing pruning of most proposed species should not be required unless shrub heights exceed 4’-5’. Occasional removal of seedling trees will be needed in order to maintain the existing vista. Refer to the Restoration Plan for the location of the Vista Corridor. food for breeding birds food for wintering birds cover for wildlife ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS food for fall migrating birds nesting sites for birds food for spring migrating birds nectar producer food for mammals pollen producer food for humans food for caterpillars sequesters carbon Ecological Function Provided by Existing & Proposed Shrubs 6 THREE YEAR LAND MANAGEMENT TIMELINE Winter/Spring • Monitor plant response to earlier management treatments and calibrate follow-up treatments accordingly. Summer • As previously cut plants re-sprout and any remaining seed bank germinates, selectively treat using a low-volume foliar spot application or a cut & wipe application of an approved herbicide to all previously listed species at the approved rates. • Hand-weed any annual weed species, re-sprouting invasive or aggressive plants where feasible. Fall • Install temporary irrigation in preparation for planting. • Plant project area according to the Restoration Plan if construction activities allow. • Continue management treatments as previously cut plants re-sprout and seed bank germinates by either weeding or selectively treating using a low-volume foliar spot application or a cut & wipe application of an approved herbicide to all previously listed species at the approved rates. Winter/Spring • Pre-treat all Asiatic bittersweet, white poplar seedlings and saplings, shrub and vine honeysuckle, and aggressive native vines approved for removal with an herbicide appropriate to the plant species. Treatment methods, depending on species, size and environmental conditions, will consist of cut & wipe, injection or selective foliar application. • Where feasible, mechanically uproot or root grapple pre- treated vegetation using compact, low ground pressure equipment with care to remove only root material, leaving native soils in place. • Treat and remove large, white poplar trees as shown on the Restoration Plan. • Immediately seed any exposed or conditioned soils with specified seed mix and cover area with a biodegradable mulch product, or install biodegradable erosion control blankets where necessary on sloping areas. • Regeneratively prune native plants previously covered in bittersweet as needed. • Mow dead phragmites stalks in preparation for summer/fall treatment. Summer • Obtain a WM04 permit from the State to treat phragmites within the project area. • Treat phragmites reed late in the growing season using the bundle, cut and wipe technique and follow up 2-5 times over the season • As previously cut plants re-sprout and any remaining seed bank germinates, selectively treat using a low-volume foliar spot application or a cut & wipe application of an approved herbicide to all previously listed species at the approved rates. • Hand-weed any annual weed species, re-sprouting invasive or aggressive plants where feasible. Fall • Continue management treatments as previously cut plants re-sprout and seed bank germinates by either weeding or selectively treating using a low-volume foliar spot application or a cut & wipe application of an approved herbicide to all previously listed species at the approved rates. 2024 2025 • General Note: Herbicides used are to be applied by knowledgeable, MA licensed individuals only. 7 rates. Ongoing Maintenance • If land management treatments have been successful, only monitoring and hand removal will be required to keep non-native, invasive, and aggressive species from being reintroduced (this will vary depending on actual carbohydrate stores in the roots and environmental conditions throughout the treatment period). Invasive plants generally take a minimum of three to five years of active management to reach a level of successful control. • Invasive plant removal is recommended to be an ongoing part of this project in order to maintain the restored native plant communities on the property. Ongoing invasive plant removal is typically carried out three to five times per year depending on the site conditions and client preference. We ask that this condition be incorporated into the Certificate of Compliance as an ongoing condition to maintain the restored plant communities. Winter/Spring • Monitor plant response to earlier management treatments and calibrate follow-up treatments accordingly. Summer • After July 15th, as previously cut plants re-sprout and any remaining seed bank germinates, selectively treat using a low-volume foliar spot application or a cut & wipe application of an approved herbicide to all previously listed species at the approved rates. • Hand-weed any annual weed species, re-sprouting invasive or aggressive plants where feasible. Fall • Continue management treatments as previously cut plants re-sprout and seed bank germinates by either weeding or selectively treating using a low-volume foliar spot application or a cut & wipe application of an approved herbicide to all previously listed species at the approved 2026 ONGOING 8 APPENDIX Invasive Plant Management Protocol Invasive Plant Management Protocols are designed to maximize the effectiveness of treatments and minimize disturbance to natural resources through selective herbicide application and/or mechanical methods. Appropriately timed treatments are based on individual plant life cycles, growing seasons, and levels of infestation. Cutting of plants is scheduled when carbohydrates have been transferred from the roots to the above-ground portion of the plant, thus causing the most damage to the target plant by eliminating carbohydrate stores, which weakens the plant over time. A program of selective herbicide application will be instituted during time periods when the plants will translocate the herbicide most efficiently to destroy root materials. As the carbohydrate transfer is dictated primarily by weather, the management timeline is specified by season only, necessitating field expertise to initiate timely management procedures. (Please reference the Three Year Land Management Timeline for specific treatment times). Asiatic Bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) poses a threat to the preservation of native plant communities because it has the ability to form dense stands of vines in open fields and forests alike. It is most effectively controlled using a cut and wipe method of herbicide application with an ultra-low volume Triclopyr-based herbicide. A low volume foliar spray or a basal bark treatment is also very effective. (MIPAG Listed Invasive) Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) is an aggressive perennial vine that thrives in a range of conditions, including full sun and full shade. This invasive species has several advantages over native plants species, including high seed production rates and persistent leaves that allow photosynthesis after surrounding deciduous vegetation becomes dormant. These advantages allow the vine to form dense mats that out- compete native vegetation. An herbicide treatment is the most effective method to control the vine. The persistent leaves can be used to an advantage, allowing for an application of Glyphosphate-based herbicide when other deciduous plants are dormant. (MIPAG Listed Invasive) Shrub Honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii & bella) poses a major threat to native plant communities. This species aggressively out-competes native shrubs in the edge habitat and woodland understory. Shrub honeysuckle can invade a wide variety of native habitats, with or with no previous disturbance. According to vegetation management guidelines published by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, shrub honeysuckle is suspected of producing allelopathic chemicals that inhibit the growth of other plants. If conditions allow, mechanical removal is the recommended management strategy because this plant has a relatively shallow root system. If soil disturbance must be minimized, use a cut and wipe or low-volume foliar treatment with a Triclopyr-based herbicide. To stop the reintroduction of honeysuckle, hand-pulling and targeted spot treatments can be used. (MIPAG Listed Invasive, Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List) Phragmites (Phragmites australis) is a non-native reed that aggressively forms dense stands that can grow up to 20 feet tall, easily out-competing native plant species. It reproduces through seed dispersal and vigorous rhizomatous root growth. According to the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (2014), up to 80% of the phragmites biomass is underground. We do not recommend mechanical removal because of the massive disturbance to the soil structure needed to remove the phragmites root system. In addition, any remaining root fragments would quickly sprout and re-invade the area. The most effective management involved an herbicide treatment with either a “bundle, cut and wipe” or mow and wipe technique. These application methods are targeted to individual stems or leaves of the phragmites, and will not produce over-spray associated with boom sprayer or aerial applications of herbicide. (MIPAG Listed Invasive) White Poplar (Populus alba), though not currently recognized by the state of Massachusetts as an invasive tree, is an aggressive exotic species that can overtake natural areas. One white poplar can produce several thousand seeds. Also, adventitious buds along the extensive lateral root system can sucker profusely. If left unchecked, it will form dense groves that are hard to eradicate and, in turn, can shade out native species. Further, white poplar is successful in most soil types under varied conditions. The Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (IPANE) currently lists this tree as an invasive plant in Connecticut for the above reasons. The most effective management is treatment with an herbicide using a basal bark or injection, followed by a cut-stump technique to dramatically reduce resprouting in the subsequent growing season. Smaller trees and saplings can be managed using a cut-and-wipe treatment. Regular hand pulling or treatment of seedlings should be part of the maintenance to block re-introduction of this invasive tree. (not a State-Listed invasive) Plant Inventory for 70 Caillouet Lane, Osterville Non-native & invasive species observed : Asiatic Bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus White Poplar Populus alba Shrub Honeysuckle Lonicera morowii/bella Vine Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica Phragmites Reed Pragmites australis 9 Native species observed: Eastern Red Cedar Juniperus Virginiana Serviceberry Betual papyrifera White Oak Quercus alba Black/Scarlet Oak Quercus velutina/coccinea Arrowwood Viburnum dentatum Virginia Rose Rosa virginiana Green Briar Smilax rotunifolia Definitions Native plants: A native (indigenous) species is one that occurs in a particular region, ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. Native plants suited for our coastal areas bind sediments with their fibrous roots. Grasses and forbs create a groundcover that not only stabilizes sediments, but improves the quality of wildlife habitat and slows water runoff. Many invasive plants lack fibrous root systems and often have allelopathic chemicals which inhibit the growth of surrounding vegetation, thus creating areas of bare earth which lead to faster rates of erosion, decreased wildlife habitat quality, and increased storm water runoff. The loss of native vegetation to invasive plant species degrades our wetlands and public interests (as stated below) and decreases the diversity of our biological community. Invasive Plants: As defined by the Massachusetts Invasive Plant Advisory Group (MIPAG), invasive plants are non-native species that have spread into native plant systems, causing economic or environmental harm by developing self-sustaining populations and dominating and/or disrupting those native systems. Invasive plant’s biology and physiology equip them with the means to out-compete native plants, disrupting native plant communities and compromising the integrity of that ecosystem. Invasive plant species can alter hydrological patterns, soil chemistry, moisture holding capacity, and can accelerate erosion. Sapling (Tree): The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Division (DEP), in their handbook entitled, “Delineating Bordering Vegetate Wetlands Under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act”, defines sapling as woody vegetation over 20 feet in height with a diameter at breast height (dbh) greater than or equal to 0.4 inches to less than 5 inches. Tree: Massachusetts DEP defines tree as woody plants with a dbh of 5 inches or greater and a height of 20 feet or more in their handbook entitled, “Delineating Bordering Vegetated Wetlands: Under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act”. Rejuvenation Pruning: Rejuvenation pruning is a process of pruning older and/or damaged branches over time, to allow for the regrowth of new healthy branching. During the first season, one third of existing branches will be pruned away. This pruning will promote young vigorous growth from the base of the subject plant. In the second season, if necessary, an additional one third of existing branches will be pruned to promote additional new growth. References Darke, R. and Tallamy, D. (2014) The Living Landscape. Portland, OR: Timber Press Hilty, J. (2002-2017). Illinois Wildflowers. Retrieved from http://www. illlinoiswildflowers.info/ Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center (2019). Native Plants Database. Retrieved from http://www.wildflower.org/plants/ #70 CAILLOUETEX RESIDENCEEAST BAYFEMA ZONE VE (EL 14)X MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARD ZONEEX POOL HOUSE EX POOL EX PATIO EX FIRE PIT EX LAWNFEMA ZONE VE (EL 14)X MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARD ZONEEDGE OFSALT MARSHED G E O F E X I S T I N G V I S T A C O R R I D O R EDG E O F E X I S T I N G V I S T A C O R R I D O R X MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARD ZONEEX PATHE X D O C K 2% ANNUAL CHANC E OF FLO O D FEMA ZONE AE (EL 1 3 ) AE (E L 1 3 ) FEMA Z O N E VE (E L 1 4 ) 00 30'60' N Scale: 1"= 30' RESTORATION PLAN1 1. APPROXIMATELY THREE GROWING SEASONS WILL BE REQUIRED TO CONTROL AND/OR ERADICATE INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES. AFTER THREE GROWING SEASONS, MONITORING AND MINIMAL MAINTENANCE WILL BE ONGOING. 2. HERBICIDES ARE TO BE APPLIED BY LICENSED INDIVIDUALS ONLY. 3. A TEMPORARY, AUTOMATED ABOVE-GROUND IRRIGATION SYSTEM WILL BE REQUIRED FOR THE FIRST TWO/THREE GROWING SEASONS WHILE NEW PLANTS ARE ESTABLISHING. ONCE PLANTS ARE ESTABLISHED IRRIGATION WILL BE REMOVED. 4. ALL RESTORATION PLANTINGS WILL INCORPORATE EXISTING NATIVE SPECIES UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED IN THE APPROVED DOCUMENTS. 5. ANY DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN THE PLANTING SPECIFICATION AND THE PLAN, THE PLAN SHALL TAKE PRECEDENCE. 6. HAND-WEEDING AND SELECTIVE HERBICIDE TREATMENTS WILL BE REQUESTED AS AN ONGOING CONDITION TO STOP REINTRODUCTION OF INVASIVE AND AGGRESSIVE PLANT SPECIES INTO THE PROJECT AREA. 7. ALL EXPOSED SOILS WILL BE SEEDED WITH NATIVE CAPE COD MEADOW MIX UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED. FOR PERMITTING PURPOSES ONLY THIS DRAWING IS NOT INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION REV DATE DESCRIPTION DRAWN BY:CHECKED BY: DATE:SCALE: SURVEY PROVIDED BY: THIS DRAWING AND ALL IDEAS EMBODIED THEREIN IS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF WILKINSON ECOLOGICAL DESIGN, INC. (WED) AND SHALL NOT BE COPIED, REPRODUCED, OR DISCLOSED IN CONNECTION WITH ANY WORK OTHER THAN THE PROJECT FOR WHICH IT HAS BEEN PREPARED, IN WHOLE OR PART, WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION FROM WED. © 2024 WILKINSON ECOLOGICAL DESIGN, INC. NOTES: k:\clients\caillouet ln_70_ost\consult\plans\restoplan\20231026_resto_caillouet ln_70_ost.dwg8-Nov-23 1 OF 1 IPTK 1" = 30'-0"02/13/2024 KOPPEL-HAYNES 70 Caillouet Lane Osterville, MA RESTORATION PLAN SULLIVAN ENGINEERING & CONSULTING 711 MAIN STREET, OSTERVILLE, MA 02655 (508)428-334 PLANT SPECIFICATIONS 191 NATIVE TREES & SHRUBS & HERBACEOUS SPECIES FOR RESTORATION AREA qty common name scientific name size 2 Tupelo Nyssa sylvatica #3 - #5 2 Serviceberry Amelanchier canadensis #3 - #5 8 Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa #3 - #5 17 Carolina Rose Rosa carolina #1 - #3 17 Bayberry Morella pensylvanica #3 - #5 9 Beach Plum Prunus maritima #3 - #5 11 Sweetfern Comptonia peregrina #1 10 Arrowwood Viburnum dentatum #3 - #5 20 Seaside Goldenrod Solidago sempervirens plug - #1 20 Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium plug - #1 20 Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium plug - #1 15 Hayscented Fern Dennstaedtia punctilobula plug - #1 10 White Wood Aster Eurybia divaricata plug - #1 10 Pennsylvania Sedge Carex pensylvanica plug - #1 20 Switchgrass Panicum virgatum plug - #1 NATIVE SEED MIX FOR ALL PROJECT AREAS common name scientific name Broom Sedge Andropogon virginicus Creeping Red Fescue Festuca rubra Crinkle Hair Grass Deschampsia flexuosa Fox Sedge Carex vulpinoidea Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium Purple Lovegrass Eragrostis spectabilis Upland Bentgrass Agrostis perennans APPROX LOCATION OF EXISTING PHRAGMITES PATCH TO BE TREATED & REMOVED 50' BUFFER (SALT MARSH) AT FENCE 100' BUFFER (SALT MARSH) 100' BUFFER (STATE COASTAL BANK) TOP OF STATE COASTAL BANK EX FENCE TO REMAIN VISTA CORRIDOR MANAGEMENT: WITHIN EXISTING, PERMITTED VISTA CORRIDOR, ALL PREVIOUSLY MANAGED INVASIVE AND NON-NATIVE PLANTS & MANAGED NATIVE SAPLINGS TO BE REMOVED. AREA TO BE REPLANTED WITH LOWER GROWING MARITIME SHRUBLAND PLANTS MINIMALLY INVADED PROJECT AREA (SOUTH OF VISTA CORRIDOR): ALL INVASIVE AND NON NATIVE PLANTS TO BE REMOVED. SUPPLEMENTAL PLANTING TO OCCUR ONLY AS NEEDED TO FILL VOIDS IN VEGETATION 6 ARROWWOOD 5 BAYBERRY 11 SWEETFERN 14 CAROLINA ROSE 5 BEACH PLUM 4 ARROWWOOD 2 TUPELO 5 BLACK CHOKEBERRY 12 BAYBERRY EXISTING SWITCHGRASS PLANTING TO REMAIN HEAVILY INVADED PROJECT AREAS: ALL INVASIVE AND NON NATIVE PLANTS TO BE REMOVED. AREA TO BE SEEDED AND PLANTED WITH NATIVE WOODY AND HERBACEOUS PLANTS ACCORDING TO THE PLAN 3 BLACK CHOKEBERRY 4 BEACH PLUM EXISTING NATIVE TREE TO REMAIN NON-NATIVE WHITE POPLAR TREE TO BE REMOVED 2 SERVICEBERRY 3 CAROLINA ROSE