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HomeMy WebLinkAboutBarnstable - NOI - Susan McPherson - 41 Hawthorne AvenueLAND MANAGEMENT PLAN 41 Hawthorne Avenue, Hyannis Port March 14, 2024 TMTM 2 INTRODUCTION This Land Management Plan (LMP) accompanies a Notice of Intent (ERNOI) filing for management of invasive, non-native, and aggressive plant species and planting to restore appropriate and diverse native plant communities. Resource areas on the property include Salt Marsh, and Land Subject to Coastal Storm Flowage (LSCSF). Proposed vegetation management and planting activities will occur within LSCSF, and within the buffer zones to Salt Marsh. PROJECT GOAL 1. Restore a Maritime Shrubland plant community. This is a plant community recognized by Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program (NHESP) and is categorized as S3 Vulnerable*. 2. Increase the biodiversity and pollinator benefit. This action will further enhance and improve the vegetated buffer between the resource area and upland portions of the site. Restoring a native plant community will result in greater biodiversity, improved habitat for wildlife, and improve flood control and storm damage prevention. Wilkinson Ecological Design (WED) believes the interests protected under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act and the Town of Barnstable Wetlands Bylaw are furthered by this project. CENENTERVILLE HARBOR 3 *Each type of plant community is assigned a rank, based on the system developed for the NHESP system by The Nature Conservancy and maintained by NatureServe. The state rank (Srank) reflects the rarity and threat within Massachusetts, with S1 being the least common and most vulnerable to loss in the state and S5 being demonstrably secure in Massachusetts. NHESP considers natural community types ranked S1-S3 to be a priority for conservation protection. The state ranks (Srank) are: • S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream or especially vulnerable to extirpation in Massachusetts for other reasons. • S2 - Typically 6 - 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream or very vulnerable to extirpation in Massachusetts for other reasons. • S3 - Typically 21 - 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in Massachusetts. • S4 - Apparently secure in Massachusetts. • S5 - Demonstrably secure in MassachusettsHALLS CREEK NANTUCKET SOUND Hyannisport Club Squaw Is l a n d R o a d Atlanic Ave Dale Ave Irving Ave Hawthorone AvePROJECT AREA 41 HAWTHORNE AVE 4 EXISTING CONDITIONS The existing structures, driveway, and landscape are located on the north side of the property, at the corner of Atlantic Avenue and Hawthorne Avenue. An existing lawn extends south from the driveway and is surrounded by a stone wall and hedge row of cedars. The area directly under the cedars is sparsely vegetated by non-native grasses that are being maintained as lawn/path used as maintenance access for the ongoing conditions listed in COC SE3-3461. The hedge row of cedars were managed in the recent past limiting the biomass of the cedars which can be seen in the Photo 1 to the right. PROPERTY DIAGRAM HAWTHORNE AVENUEATLANTIC AV E N U E 23 ATLANTIC AVE WILKINSON ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION PROJECT ON 23 ATLANTIC AVENUE 50’ BUFFER EXISTING LAWN EXISTING NATIVE WOODY VEGETATION AREA OF DENSE INVASIVE AND NON-NATIVE PLANT SPECIES 100’ BUFFER EDGE OFSALT MARSH SQUAW I S L A N D R O A D #41 HAWTHORN AVE The vegetation to south of the cedar hedge row, shown as a red overlay in the Property Diagram below, is a dense thicket of State-listed invasive and non-native plant species. White poplar is the predominate non-native plant species. This non-native clonal tree quickly spreads by root sprouting, producing a large quantity of seed, and re-sprouts easily in response to damage. Other State-listed and non-native plant species observed in and around the poplar thicket include Asiatic bittersweet, vine and shrub honeysuckle, multiflora rose, garlic mustard, English ivy, and English Oak. Little to no ground cover vegetation was identified beneath this invasive thicket. 1 3 2 EXISTING SALT MARSH 5 Photo showing the diminished biomass of the existing cedar hedge row surrounding the existing lawn and stone wall. Photo showing the sparse grasses under the cedar hedge row and dense invasive and non-native vegetation on the left side of the image. Photo from Squaw Island Road looking north. The restoration area on the abutting property at 23 Atlanic Ave can be seen on the left of the image. In contrast, the invasive thicket on 41 Hawthorne Ave can be seen on the right side of the image 23 Atlanic Ave 41 Hawthorne Ave A narrow band of native woody shrubs is located between the invasive thicket and extensive salt marsh at the lowest elevations of the property. The halophytic woody plant species in this area included groudsel tree and marsh-elder. The regular tidal inundation in this location has stopped the establishment of State-listed and non-native plant species due to their inability to tolerate high salinity. 1 2 3 6 The previously managed cedar hedgerow is proposed to be flush cut and replaced with 15 native scrub oaks. Scrub oak is a high value native plant species that is not currently growing on the property. Its establishment will provide wildlife benefit that is not currently available; including larval host for the eastern buckmoth and sleepy duskwing butterfly and a shelter for a diverse range of insects. Its acorns, stems, and foliage are also an essential food source for wildlife. In addition, the area under the hedgerow will be restored with a diverse selection of native flowering species that will increase the benefits provided to pollinators. These pollinator resources are lacking from the existing vegetation. Refer to pages eight and nine of the LMP for further details. Native shrubs that have been degraded or otherwise negatively affected by invasive species within the project area will be regeneratively pruned. This proposed restoration technique restores native plants to a natural healthy branching structure and will result in increased biomass of the subject plant over subsequent years. Immediately following vegetation management, all bare soils will be seeded with the native species listed on the Restoration Plan and covered in a biodegradable mulch product. Biodegradable erosion control blanketing will be installed, only where needed, to protect against erosion and temporarily hold mineral soils in place until the root systems of native grasses can establish and stabilize soils. PROPOSED PROJECT ACTIVITIES The project goals will be met through the following activities: 1. Vegetation Management: Manage invasive, non-native, and aggressive species within the project areas. 2. Native Plant Restoration: Seed and plant appropriate native shrub and herbaceous species to restore the targeted native plant communities. VEGETATION MANAGEMENT Invasive plant management is proposed within the project areas to remove the dense cover of invasive, non-native, and aggressive plant species. These actions will facilitate the establishment and conservation of the targeted native plant communities throughout the project area. Initial invasive management will target white poplar, Asiatic bittersweet, shrub honeysuckle, privet, and all other species approved for removal. Plant management treatments will consist of selective herbicide application using the cut and wipe method to treat individual stems. Low-volume foliar application will only be used for species like vine honeysuckle and English ivy who’s stems whose diameter is too small for effective cut and wipe treatment. Following pre-treatment, the targeted vegetation will be mechanically removed where feasible and hand removal where necessary to protect existing native vegetation and stability of soils on sloped areas. All herbicide applications will be performed by Massachusetts licensed applicators. The Invasive Plant Management Protocols in the Appendix include species specific information and management strategies. Invasive plant management protocols maximize the effectiveness of management treatments and minimize disturbance to natural resources and non-target plants by using selective herbicide application methods combined with hand and machine removal. Common Yellow-Throat A shrub nesting bird species that can utilize many of the proposed plant species for nesting. Photo accessed December 1, 2016 from http://www.audubon.org/sites/default/files/Common_Yellowthroat Photo from a Maritime Shrubland restored by WED in Chatham, MA 7 * S3 - Generally 21-100 occurrences in the state. Vulnerable in the state due to a restricted range, relatively few populations (often 80 or fewer), recent and widespread declines, or other factors making it vulnerable to extirpation NATIVE PLANT RESTORATION After invasive species removal has reached approximately 85% eradication, the project areas will be planted with the native species as specified on the Restoration Plan. Native plant restoration recommendations are based on several environmental factors, including soils, topography, solar exposure, salt tolerance, and existing plant communities. Recommendations primarily consider the long-term health of the resource area by proposing to increase biological plant diversity that will provide a great benefit to wildlife. Maritime Shrubland is the optimal plant community for these restoration efforts because it dependent on a disturbance regime such as fire or heavy salt deposits that block succession to forest communities. The temporary disturbance caused by removing invasive plant species, and the proximity to harsh coastal environment are the optimal conditions for this plant community. In addition, NHESP ranks this plant community as a priority for conservation protection due to it’s vulnerability in the State. (S3 raking*). Restoration of Maritime Shrublands can provide the thick vegetation and safe nesting sites required by many shrub nesting bird species like the common yellow-throat and northern mockingbird that are pictured below. Fruit-bearing native shrubs found in Maritime Shrublands such as bayberry and rose can also provide high-quality forage for songbirds during their migration. The availability of high-quality and abundant food resources, like wild fruits, in coastal regions of the eastern U.S. is critical for successful migration and long-term conservation of songbirds (Smith et al., 2013). Early successional plant communities, such as Maritime Shrublands, are dependent on a disturbance regime for their creation. An eighty year decline in anthropogenic and natural disturbance has led to historically low occurrences of these plant communities. Shrubland nesting bird species are reliant on these shrublands and have also been reported to be in precipitous decline throughout New England. Due to the declining populations of shrubland nesting birds, management to restore and conserve for shrublands is widely recognized as a high conservation priority (2012 NRCS). Lepidoptera species also will benefit from the restoration. According to Wagner et. al. (2003), 41% of state-listed moths and butterflies are dependent on these shrublands. Native plants, such as proposed restoration species, Carolina rose, groundsel tree, and black chokeberry, support significantly more Lepidoptera species than introduced plant species (Tallamy & Shropshire, 2008). In addition to providing exceptional habitat for birds, butterflies, and moths, early successional communities such as Maritime Shrublands also serve as vital habitat to native mammals. Twenty of the sixty native terrestrial mammal species in the northeastern United States show some preference for early successional forests, shrublands, or old-field habitats. Some of these species are obligate users, such as rabbits, and therefore the plant communities are also important to the carnivores that prey on them (Fuller, 2003). Many of the proposed restoration species, including bayberry and highbush blueberry, are forage species for native mammals. Eastern Bluebird and Northern Mockingbird These bird species can use the proposed native shrubs for forage. Photo accessed July 15 from https://roadsendnaturalist.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/eastern-bluebird.jpg Photo accessed March 2 from https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Northern_Mockingbird/media-browser- overview/63743741 8 In addition to restoring a vulnerable plant community, pollinator habitat enhancement is also a goal for the project. The temporary disturbance caused by the removal of vegetation will allow for the establishment of many flowering native plants. These proposed native plants will provide food sources and host plants that do not currently exist within the project area. This is accomplished by establishing a wide variety of flowering native plant species that can offer nectar and pollen over a greater span of time during the season, while offering a diversity of flower colors and plant heights to encourage the greatest numbers and diversity of pollinators. Resources for this information included The Pollinator Biology and Habitat, New England Biology Technical Note and species lists from the Xerces Society for Invertebrates Conservation. The diagram to the right depicts the increased diversity in plant species and the expanded bloom time that would be provided. The Town of Barnstable has joined the National Wildlife Federation Mayors Monarch Pledge, which promotes healthy land management for monarch butterflies. This project supports the program by planting and protecting milkweed species that serve as important forage and host plants for migrating monarch butterflies along their long migration route. SWAMP ROSE MALLOW CARDINAL FLOWER FLAT TOPPED ASTER BLACK CHOKEBERRY CAROLINA ROSE SWAMP MILKWEED COMMON YARROW COMMON MILKWEED BROAD LEAF MOUNTAIN MINT MOUNTAIN MINT NEW ENGLAND ASTER BUTTERFLY WEED SHOWY ASTERPARTRIDGE PEA IMAGES OF SOME NATIVE FLOWERING SPECIES PROPOSED FOR THE RESTORATION PLANTING 9 EXISTING PLANT DIVERSITY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND BLOOM TIMES PROPOSED INCREASE OF PLANT DIVERSITY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND EXPANDED BLOOM TIMES NovMayAprilMarchJuneJulyOctSeptAug HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRYVaccinium corymbosum MARSH-ELDERIva frutescens GROUNDSEL TREEBaccharis hammlimifoliaPlant typePlant typeShrubsShrubsHerbaceousTreesTreesCAROLINA ROSE Rosa carolina EASTERN RED CEDARJuniperis virginana BLACK CHERRYPrunus serotina STAGHORN SUMACRhus typhina SCRUB OAKQuercus ilicifolia ARROWWOOD VIBURNUMViburnum dentatum BAYBERRYMorella caroliniensis BLACK CHOKEBERRY Aronia melanocarpa BLACK-EYED SUSANRudbeckia fulgida BUTTERFLY WEEDAsclepias tuberosa CARDINAL FLOWERLobelia cardinalis COMMON MILKWEEDAsclepias syriaca FLAT TOPPED ASTERAster umbellatus LITTLE JOE PYE WEEDEupatorium dubium NEW ENGLAND ASTERSymphyotrichum n. PARTRIDGE PEA Chamaecrista fasciculata PURPLE CONEFLOWER Echinacea purpurea SEASIDE GOLDENRODSolidago sempervirens SWAMP MILKWEEDAsclepias incarnata SWAMP ROSE MALLOWHibiscus moscheutos WHITE BEARDTONGUE Penstemon digtalis WILD BERGAMONTMonarda fistulosa ANISE HYSSOP Agastache foeniculum BROAD LEAF MOUNTAIN Pycnanthemum muticum COMMON YARROW Achillea milefolium EASTERN SHOWY ASTER Eurybia spectanbilis MOUNTAIN MINTPycanathemum virginanum 10 Winter/Spring • Pre-treat plant species approved for removal with an herbicide appropriate to the plant species using cut and wipe method to treat individual stems or low-volume foliar application will only be used for stems whose diameter is too small for effective cut and wipe treatment. Mechanically remove of pretreated vegetation using compact, low ground pressure equipment where possible, or hand removal where protection of existing native shrubs is required. Commence restorative pruning of existing native shrubs. • Seed all bare soils with the specified mixture and cover managed areas with a biodegradable mulch product or install biodegradable erosion control blankets, where necessary, to facilitate rapid colonization of exposed mineral soils where necessary. Summer/Fall • Monitor plant response to earlier management treatments and calibrate follow-up treatments accordingly. • To limit re-establishment of invasive plant species within restoration areas, selectively treat re-sprouting invasive and non-native plant species using low-volume spot applications or cut and wipe applications, only if necessary, otherwise hand-pull small quantities. General Notes: • Herbicides used are to be applied by knowledgeable, licensed individuals only. • All herbicide applications will avoid non-target native species. • All restoration measures shown in this document to be overseen by a Certified Ecological Restoration Practitioner (CERP). Winter/Spring • To limit re-establishment of invasive plant species within restoration areas, selectively treat re-sprouting invasive and non-native plant species using low-volume spot applications or cut and wipe applications, only if necessary, otherwise hand-pull small quantities. • Mow or string-trim newly seeded restoration area once in early spring to limit establishment of non-native cool season grasses. Summer/Fall • Monitor plant response to earlier management treatments and calibrate follow-up treatments accordingly. • To limit re-establishment of invasive plant species within restoration areas, selectively treat re-sprouting invasive and non-native plant species using low-volume spot applications or cut and wipe applications, only if necessary, otherwise hand-pull small quantities. • When invasive plants have been reduced by 85%, commence planting of the areas according to the Restoration Plan and install an automated, temporary, above ground irrigation system to help establish new plants to the growing conditions. THREE YEAR LAND MANAGEMENT TIMELINE Season 2Season 1 11 Winter/Spring • To limit re-establishment of invasive plant species within restoration areas, selectively treat re-sprouting invasive and non-native plant species using low-volume spot applications or cut and wipe applications, only if necessary, otherwise hand-pull small quantities. • Mow or string-trim newly seeded restoration area once in early spring to limit establishment of non-native cool season grasses. Summer/Fall • Monitor plant response to earlier management treatments and calibrate follow-up treatments accordingly. • To limit re-establishment of invasive plant species within restoration areas, selectively treat re-sprouting invasive and non-native plant species using low-volume spot applications or cut and wipe applications, only if necessary, otherwise hand-pull small quantities. Ongoing Maintenance After the treatments of the third season, the management plan should be assessed and re-evaluated. If land management treatments have been successful, only monitoring and hand removal will be required to keep species from being reintroduced. Invasive plants generally take a minimum of three to five years of active management to reach a level of successful control. Season 3 12 APPENDIX: Invasive Plant Management Protocol Invasive Plant Management Protocols are designed to maximize the effectiveness of treatments and minimize disturbance to natural resources through mechanical removal, hand removal, or selective herbicide application where necessary. Appropriately timed treatments are based on individual plant life cycles, growing seasons, and levels of infestation. A program of selective herbicide application will be instituted during time periods when the plants will translocate the herbicide most efficiently to destroy root materials. As the carbohydrate transfer is dictated primarily by weather, the management timeline is specified by season only, necessitating field expertise to initiate timely management procedures. Please reference the Three Year Land Management Timeline for specific treatment times. The Massachusetts Invasive Plant Advisory Group (MIPAG) is responsible for classifying plants as invasive in Massachusetts. The plant species listed below include their invasive status as defined by MIPAG. Asiatic Bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) poses a serious threat to native plant communities due to its high reproductive rate, long-range dispersal mechanisms, and the ability to root-sucker. Vines of this plant species also have the ability to aggressively wrap around and grow over other vegetation strangling mature trees. Even entire plant communities can be over-topped and shaded out by the vine’s rapid growth. It is most effectively controlled using a cut and wipe method of herbicide application with an ultra-low volume Triclopyr- based herbicide. A low-volume foliar spray or a basal bark treatment is also very effective. When the vines of bittersweet are intertwined with native trees they should be treated and left in place until desiccated to avoid damaging the tree. (MIPAG Listed Invasive). English Ivy (Hedera helix) is an aggressive evergreen vine often used as an ornamental groundcover. It has the potential to completely out-compete all low-growing vegetation. English ivy can also grow into trees and cover the trunk, branches, block sunlight, and eventually kill the tree. The tree eventually becomes susceptible to blow over due to its weakened state and the added weight of the vine. Mechanical uprooting followed by treatments of a Triclopyr-based herbicide is the preferred treatment method for this plant. (Not a State-Listed invasive). Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is a biennial that thrives in shady conditions and can rapidly invade a woodland understory through prolific seed dispersal. An effective control method, if undertaken consistently, is hand pulling of garlic mustard in early spring before the plant flowers. Because garlic mustard remains green when most native plants are still dormant, targeted foliar herbicide application using a low-concentration Glyphosate-based herbicide in late fall through the early spring, are effective in controlling this plant while limiting potential damage to dormant native plants. (MIPAG Listed Invasive). Green Briar, Cat Briar, and Fox Grape (Similax rotundifolia, glauca) (Vitis spp.) are aggressive native vines that play a functional habitat role, serving as cover, a food source, and nesting sites for some animal species. These species have an aggressive growth rate, allowing them to colonize recently managed areas rapidly and hinder restoration efforts. Selective management of these vines should be part of a maintenance plan to prevent excessive colonization and loss of the targeted native plant community being restored. (Not a State-Listed invasive). Privet (Ligustrum spp.) is a ubiquitous garden escapee that can be particularly aggressive in heavier soils and areas adjacent to wetlands. Mature plants annually produce hundreds of viable seedlings that spread the species rapidly through a variety of habitats. Plants up to 4-inch basal caliper can be mechanically uprooted. A cut-stump herbicide application is the most effective treatment method for these species when the basal diameter exceeds 4 inches. (MIPAG Listed Likely Invasive, Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List) Myrtle (Vinca major) is an aggressive evergreen vine that often functions as an ornamental groundcover. The plant tends to escape into neighboring edge habitats, creating a dense ground cover that excludes other native ground covers and low- growing vegetation. Mechanical uprooting followed by winter treatments of a Triclopyr-based herbicide is the preferred treatment method for this plant. (Not a State-Listed invasive) Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora) is a highly adaptable perennial vine or shrub that can grow in full sun or full shade and thrive in a wide variety of habitats, including upland, wetland, and coastal habitats. The plant’s aggressive growth habit forms impenetrable thickets, allowing it to crowd out native vegetation. Birds help disperse the prolific amount of seeds Multiflora rose produces. Mechanically removal is recommended if conditions allow. If soil disturbance must be minimized, a cut and wipe or low-volume foliar treatment with a Triclopyr-based herbicide should be used. Regular hand pulling of juvenile plants and spot herbicide treatments are also recommended for persistent re-sprouts. (MIPAG Listed Invasive) Rugosa Rose (Rosa rugosa) iis regarded as a common feature of New England’s beaches, but people introduced this plant to the region in the 1770s from Asia. People commonly planted it for its showy flowers, salt tolerance, drought resistance, and perception as an effective erosion control plant. In fact, rugosa rose is less effective than native coastal plants at preventing erosion, as its prolific growth habit shades out more effective erosion control plants. The most effective management is mechanical removal. If soil disturbance must be minimized, use a cut and wipe or low-volume foliar treatment with a Triclopyr-based herbicide. To stop the reintroduction of rugosa, hand-pulling and targeted spot treatments can be used. (not a State-Listed invasive) 13 Shrub Honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii & bella) poses a major threat to native plant communities. This species aggressively outcompetes native shrubs in the edge habitat and woodland understory. Shrub honeysuckle can invade a wide variety of native habitats, with or with no previous disturbance. According to vegetation management guidelines published by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, shrub honeysuckle is suspected of producing allelopathic chemicals that inhibit the growth of other plants. If conditions allow, mechanical removal is the recommended management strategy because this plant has a relatively shallow root system. If soil disturbance must be minimized, use a cut and wipe or low-volume foliar treatment with a Triclopyr-based herbicide. To stop the reintroduction of honeysuckle, hand-pulling and targeted spot treatments can be used. (MIPAG Listed Invasive, Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List) Vine Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) is an aggressive perennial vine that thrives in a range of conditions, including full sun and full shade. This invasive species has several advantages over native plants species, including high seed production rates and persistent leaves that allow photosynthesis after surrounding deciduous vegetation becomes dormant. These advantages allow the vine to form dense mats that out-compete native vegetation. An herbicide treatment is the most effective method to control the vine. The persistent leaves can be used to an advantage, allowing for an application of Glyphosphate- based herbicide when other deciduous plants are dormant. (MIPAG Listed Invasive) White Poplar (Populus alba), though not currently recognized by the state of Massachusetts as an invasive tree, is an aggressive exotic species that can overtake natural areas. One white poplar can produce several thousand seeds. Also, adventitious buds along the extensive lateral root system can sucker profusely. If left unchecked, it will form dense groves that are hard to eradicate and, in turn, can shade out native species. Further, white poplar is successful in most soil types under varied conditions. The Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (IPANE) currently lists this tree as an invasive plant in Connecticut for the above reasons. The most effective management is treatment with an herbicide using a basal bark or injection, followed by a cut-stump technique to dramatically reduce resprouting in the subsequent growing season. Smaller trees and saplings can be managed using a cut-and-wipe treatment. Regular hand pulling or treatment of seedlings should be part of the maintenance to block re-introduction of this invasive tree. (not a State-Listed invasive) PLANT INVENTORY Native species: Black Cherry Prunus serotina Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum Goldenrod Solidago spp. Greenbriar Smilax spp. Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans Seaside Goldenrod Solidago sempervirens Saltmarsh Hay Spartina patens Spike Grass Distichlis spicata Staghorn Sumac Rhus hirta Switchgrass Panicum virgatum Invasive and Non-native species: Asiatic Bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus English Ivy Hedera helix English Oak Quercus robur Garlic-mustard Alliaria petiolata Vine Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora Privet Ligustrum spp. Shrub Honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii and bella Rugosa Rose Rosa rugosa Vinca Vine Vinca minor White poplar Populus alba 14 DEFINITIONS Native plants: A native (indigenous) species is one that occurs in a particular region, ecosystem, and habitat without direct or indirect human actions. Native plants suited for our coastal areas bind sediments with their fibrous roots. Grasses and forbs create a groundcover that not only stabilize sediments, but improve the quality of wildlife habitat and slow water runoff. Many invasive plants lack fibrous root systems and often have allelopathic chemicals which inhibit the growth of surrounding vegetation, thus creating areas of bare earth which lead to faster rates of erosion, decreased wildlife habitat quality, and increased storm water runoff. The loss of native vegetation to invasive plant species degrades our wetlands and public interests (as stated below) and decreases the diversity of our biological community. Invasive Plants: As defined by the Massachusetts Invasive Plant Advisory Group (MIPAG), invasive plants are non-native species that have spread into native plant systems, causing economic or environmental harm by developing self-sustaining populations and dominating and/or disrupting those native systems. Invasive plant’s biology and physiology equip them with the means to outcompete native plants, disrupting native plant communities and compromising the integrity of that ecosystem. Invasive plant species can alter hydrological patterns, soil chemistry, moisture holding capacity, and can accelerate erosion. Sapling (tree): The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Division(DEP), in their handbook, entitled, “Delineating Bordering Vegetated Wetlands: Under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, Second Edition 2022”, defines sapling as woody vegetation with a diameter at breast height (DBH) less than 3 inches and taller than 3.3 feet (1 m). Tree: The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Division(DEP), in their handbook, entitled, “Delineating Bordering Vegetated Wetlands: Under the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, Second Edition 2022”, defines a tree as a woody plant with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 3 inches regardless of height. Clonal Dispersal: A method of plant dispersal in which the plant produces stolons or rhizomes from which new plants develop, the new plant being genetically identical to one another and the parent. Such clones often cover a large area and sometimes achieve longevity. REFERENCES Bravo, M. (2005). Japanese Honeysuckle, Plant Conservation Alliance’s Alien Plant Working Group, Least Wanted: Alien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas. Plant Conservation Alliance’s Alien Plant Working Group. Retrieved from https://www.invasive.org/alien/ fact/loja1.htm Fuller, T.K. (2003). Relative importance of early successional forests and shrubland habitats to mammals in the northeastern United States. Forest Ecology and Management 185:75-79. Massachusetts Invasive Plant Advisory Group (MIPAG) (2005). Strategic Recommendations for Managing Invasive Plants in Massachusetts. Retrieved from https://www.massnrc.org/mipag/ docs/strategic_plan_final_042005.pdf Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program, Division of Fisheries & Wildlife (2016). Natural Community Fact Sheet: Maritime Shrubland. Classification of Natural Communities of Massachusetts Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council (2003). Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council Invasive Plant Manual: Oriental Bittersweet. Retrieved from https://www.se-eppc.org/manual/bittersweet.html Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council (2003). Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council Invasive Plant Manual: Bush Honeysuckle. Retrieved from https://www.se-eppc.org/manual/bushhoney.html Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council (2003). Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council Invasive Plant Manual: Multiflora Rose. Retrieved from https://www.se-eppc.org/manual/multirose. Smith SB, DeSando SA, Pagano T. (2013) The value of native and invasive fruit-bearing shrubs for migrating songbirds. Northeast Nat 20: 171–184. Tallamy, D.W., K.J. Shropshire (2009). Ranking Lepidopteran use of native versus introduced plants. Conservation Biology. 4:941-947. USDA, NRCS. New England Biology Technical Note April 2009, “Pollinator Biology and Habitat” https://www.maine.gov/dacf/ php/apiary/documents/2010NRCSPollinatorTechNote.pdf Wagner, D. L.; Nelson, Michael W.; and Schweitzer, Dale F. (2003). Shrubland Lepidoptera of southern New England and southeastern New York: ecology,conservation, and management In Forest Ecology and Management. Retrieved June 27 from http:// www.naba.org/chapters/nabambc/downloads/ Xerces Society for Invertebrates Conservation. “Native Plants for Pollinators and Beneficial Insects: Northeast Region” https:// www.xerces.org/sites/default/files/publications/22-026_01_ NPPBI%E2%80%94Northeast_web.pdf 15 Restorative pruning: Restorative pruning is a process of pruning older and/or damaged branches, over time, to allow for the regrowth of new healthy branching. During the first season, practitioners propose pruning one-third of the improperly pruned or topped branches to be pruned, which promotes young, vigorous growth from the base. In the second season, if necessary, practitioners will prune an additional one-third of the previously topped branches to encourage new growth. Native shrubs will grow to their natural heights following the restorative pruning in the second season. EXISTING SALT MARSH TO REMAIN EXISTING WALL NATIVE SHRUBS, GRASSES, AND FORBS TO BE ESTABLISHED NATIVE SCRUB OAKS AND GRASSES TO BE ESTABLISHED NATIVE SHRUBS, GRASSES, AND FORBS TO BE ESTABLISHED WITHIN RECONTOURING EXISTING NATIVE WOODY VEGETATION TO REMAIN Atlantic A v e n u e Squaw I sl a n d R o a d Hawthorne AvenueLot B Lot 1 & A SEC TI O N A- A' 50' B U F F E R 12,100 SF OF INVASIVE PLANT MANAGEMENT 2,960 SF AREA TO BE RE-CONTOURED AS A COASTAL ADAPTATION STRATEGY AND VEGETATED WITH NATIVE PLANT SPECIES 100' B U F F E R FLO O D Z O N E A E ( E L 1 3 ' ) FLO O D Z O N E V E ( E L 1 4 ' ) FLOOD ZONE AE (EL 1 3 ' ) FLOOD ZONE X FL O O D Z O N E X FLOOD ZONE AE(EL 13')FLOOD ZONE XFLOOD ZONE XFLOOD (EL 1 3 ' ) FLOOD FLOOD ZO N E X ZON E X ZONE A E 7 8 9 107 89 10 AREA OF EXISTING LOW VEGETATION TO BE RESTORED WITH NATIVE GRASSES AND HERBACEOUS SPECIES TO MAINTAIN LINE OF SITE FOR VEHICLE AND PEDESTRIAN SAFETY 10 Black chokeberry to create a native hedge 11 Carolina Rose 3 Black Chokeberry 7 Bayberry 7 Black Chokeberry 7 Bayberry 6 Carolina Rose 7 Carolina Rose EXISTING WOODY NATIVE VEGETATION TO REMAIN 5 Marsh-elder 5 Groundsel Tree 17 Marsh-elder 4 Carolina Rose 6 Carolina Rose 5 Groundsel Tree 3 Scrub Oak PROPOSED 4' WIDE MOWN FOOT PATH 7 Scrub Oak Scale: 1/8"= 1' SECTION A-A' PROPOSED CONDITIONS2 THIS DRAWING AND ALL IDEAS EMBODIED THEREIN IS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF WILKINSON ECOLOGICAL DESIGN, INC. (WED) AND SHALL NOT BE COPIED, REPRODUCED, OR DISCLOSED IN CONNECTION WITH ANY WORK OTHER THAN THE PROJECT FOR WHICH IT HAS BEEN PREPARED, IN WHOLE OR PART, WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION FROM WED. © 2023 WILKINSON ECOLOGICAL DESIGN, INC. FOR PERMITTING PURPOSES ONLY THIS DRAWING IS NOT INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION NOTES: REV DATE DESCRIPTION LEGEND: ABBREVIATIONS: DRAWN BY:CHECKED BY: DATE:SCALE: SURVEY PROVIDED BY: &AND @ AT Ø DIAMETER #POUND or NUMBER ACEC AREA OF CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN APPROX APPROXIMATE AURA ADJACENT UPLAND RESOURCE AREA BLDG BUILDING BOB BOTTOM OF BANK BVW BORDERING VEGETATED WETLAND (IF APPLICABLE) CY CUBIC YARD DEP DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EA EACH EL ELEVATION EX EXISTING LOW LIMIT OF WORK LSCSF LAND SUBJECT TO COASTAL STORM FLOWAGE MHW MEAN HIGH WATER MLW MEAN LOW WATER NHESP NATURAL HERITAGE AND ENDANGERED SPECIES PROGRAM NOI NOTICE OF INTENT NTS NOT TO SCALE OC ON CENTER OOC ORDER OF CONDITIONS PROP PROPOSED REV REVISION SC SPECIAL CONDITION SF SQUARE FEET TOB TOP OF BANK UON UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED VEG VEGETATION VZ VELOCITY ZONE WED WILKINSON ECOLOGICAL DESIGN, INC 9-Jan-24 k:\clients\hawthorne ave_41_hya\consult\plans\restoplan\20240315_resto_hawthorne ave_41_hya.dwg 1 OF 1 SWJS 1" = 20'3/19/2024 McPherson 41 HAWTHORNE AVE HYANNIS PORT, MA RESTORATION PLAN SULLIVAN ENGINEERING & CONSULTING, INC. 711 MAIN STREET - PO BOX 659 OSTERVILLE, MA 02655 508-428-3344 Scale: 1"= 20' RESTORATION PLAN1 1. APPROXIMATELY THREE GROWING SEASONS WILL BE REQUIRED TO CONTROL AND/OR ERADICATE INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES. AFTER THREE GROWING SEASONS, MONITORING AND MINIMAL MAINTENANCE WILL BE ONGOING. 2. HERBICIDES ARE TO BE APPLIED BY LICENSED INDIVIDUALS ONLY. 3. A TEMPORARY, AUTOMATED ABOVE-GROUND IRRIGATION SYSTEM WILL BE REQUIRED FOR THE FIRST TWO/THREE GROWING SEASONS WHILE NEW PLANTS ARE ESTABLISHING. ONCE PLANTS ARE ESTABLISHED IRRIGATION WILL BE REMOVED. 4. ALL RESTORATION PLANTINGS WILL INCORPORATE EXISTING NATIVE SPECIES UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED IN THE APPROVED DOCUMENTS. 5. ANY DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN THE PLANTING SPECIFICATION AND THE PLAN, THE PLAN SHALL TAKE PRECEDENCE. 6. HAND-WEEDING AND SELECTIVE HERBICIDE TREATMENTS WILL BE REQUESTED AS AN ONGOING CONDITION TO STOP REINTRODUCTION OF INVASIVE AND AGGRESSIVE PLANT SPECIES INTO THE PROJECT AREA. 7. ALL EXPOSED SOILS WILL BE SEEDED WITH NATIVE CAPE COD MEADOW MIX UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED. 8.IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESTORATION MEASURES SHOWN ON THIS DOCUMENT TO BE OVERSEEN BY A CERTIFIED ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION PRACTITIONER. TREES TO BE REMOVED RESTORATION PROJECT AREA - 15,060 SQFT INVASIVE PLANT MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION OF NATIVE PLANT COMMUNITY Invasive and non-native plant species to be managed include Asiatic bittersweet, privet, multiflora rose, vine and shrub honeysuckle, white poplar, English oak, and others. If not managed these invasive and non-native plant species have the ability to out-compete existing native plants. Proposed management will include cut and wipe treatment or targeted low-volume spot application for species whose stems are too small for effective cut and wipe treatments. Mechanical removal of the pre-treated vegetation is proposed. Cape Cod Meadow Mix will be seeded over all areas of bare soil following the invasive plant management and supplementally planted with the species listed below. Refer to the Land Management Plan for more details. CAPE COD MEADOW MIX TO BE SEEDED common name scientific name Broom Sedge Andropogon virginicus Creeping Red Fescue Festuca rubra Crinkle Hair Grass Deschampsia flexuosa Fox Sedge Carex vulpinoidea Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium Purple Lovegrass Eragrostis spectabilis Upland Bentgrass Agrostis perennans 10 NATIVE TREES AND 100 NATIVE SHRUBS TO BE PLANTED count common name scientific name size 10 Scrub Oak Quercus ilicifolia*#1 - #3 14 Bayberry Morella caroliniensis #3 - #5 20 Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa #3 - #5 34 Carolina Rose Rosa carolina #1 10 Groundsel Tree Baccharis hamlimifolia #1 22 Marsh-elder Iva frutescens #1 - #3 *if this species cannot be sorced at the time of planting dwarf chestnut oak (Quercus prinoides) will be an equivalent substitute to be planted. 3,800 HERBACEOUS SPECIES TO BE PLANTED @ 24" ON CENTER OVER THE FULL PROJECT AREA. PLANT SPECIES TO BE CHOSEN FROM THE FOLLOWING LIST: common name scientific name size Anise Hyssop Agastache foeniculum #1 - pl Beach Pea Lathyrus japonicus pl Black Eyed Susan Rudbeckia fulgida pl Broadleaf Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum cumicum #1 - pl Butterfly Weed Asclepias tuberosa #1 Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis #1 - pl Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca #1 - pl Eastern Showy Aster Eurybia spectabilis #1 - pl Flat Topped Aster Doellinaeria umbellata #1 - pl Litte Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium dubium #1 - pl Narrowleaf Mountainmint Pycnanthemum tenuifolium pl New England Aster Aster novae-angliae #1 - pl Partridge Pea Chamaecrista fasciculata pl Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea #1- pl Saltmarsh Hay Spartina patens pl Salt Marsh Rush Juncus gerardii pl Seaside Goldenrod Solidago sempervirens pl Smooth Cordgrass Spartina alterniflora pl Spike Grass Distichlis spicata pl Swamp Milkweed Asclepis incarnata #1 - pl Swamp Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos #1 - pl Tall White Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis #1 - pl Wild Bergamont Monarda fistulosa pl